我国云南南部种植臂形草对飞机草耕作防治的研究

CONTROL OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA(L.)R.M. KING AND H. ROBINSON BY PLANTING SIGNALGRASS(BRACHIARIA DECUMBENS STAPF) IN SOUTHERN YUNNAN, CHINA

害草飞机草(Chromoluena odorale (L.) R.M. King et H. Robinsvn)系由新热带植被区通过东南亚传入我国云南省。过去20年来严重侵袭危害该省西南和中西部的自然植被,使天然草地丧失生产力并阻碍了畜牧业发展。1985年在思茅曼中田牧场的草地上种植贝斯莉斯克俯仰臂形草、证明能有效抑制飞机草的生长。臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens Stapf)干物质产量较高,覆盖度大,并能组成高密度的草层。对飞机草严重密盖的草地先经火烧,然后将根部挖出地面,置日光下暴晒,最后播臂形草种子与施肥建立臂形草人工草地。以lm^2样框分别在臂形草草地与邻近飞机草侵害的草地中抽取10个样方进行比较,测定结果表明在臂形草建植的头3年,仍未能完全消除飞机(?)的侵害,3年后,臂形草草地中的飞机草消失殆尽。

The noxious weed, Chromolaena odorata(L.) R. M. King＆H. Robinson(known as feijicao in China), was introduced to Yunnan Province of China via Southeast Asian countries from the Neotropics. It has seriously affected the native vegetation of the southwest, west and central parts of this province for the past twenty years. It has caused loss of productivity of rangelands and hindrance to the development of ani-mal industry. In 1985, signalgrass(Brachiaria decumbens Stapf cv. Basilisk), was planted in pastures and to suppress feijicao. Feijicao infested fields are burned, uprooted and allowed to dry in the sun. Signalgrass seeds are broadcasted and fertilized for effective establishment. Ten one square meter quadrats within the signalgrass fields and one outside area were sampled to compare the incidence of feijicao. Incidence of feijicao gradually declined in the first 3 years after establishment of signalgrass, there was no incidence of feijicao in the signalgrass pastures afterwards.