职业驾驶员心理应激及其相关变量分析

Stress in Professional Drivers

目的 :了解职业驾驶员心理应激状况及相关因素 ,为减少事故的发生提供资料。方法 :采用LES、应对、成人内外控制、SSRS、EPQ、SCL -90等量表对 2 40名职业驾驶员进行测试。结果 :①驾驶员的主要应激源是工作学习问题、家庭有关问题 ;应对方式上 ,更趋向于积极应对 ;社会支持上 ,主观支持分明显高于客观支持分 ;在心理控制感上 ,明显趋于外控 ;EPQ得分与普通人群相比 ,E分较高 ,N分较低 ;SCL -90各因子分均值与全国常模相比 ,除躯体化、强迫、焦虑等项因子均值较高外 ,其他无显著差异。②事故组与安全组驾驶员在生活事件、相关变量、应激反应上 ,均存在显著差异。③行车事故与应激性生活事件呈正相关 (P <0 0 1)、与EPQ -N ,SCL -90诸因子呈负相关 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :生活事件引起的情绪应激 ,与驾驶操作、交通违章和事故发生有一定相关关系。

Objective: To investigate stress in professional drivers Method:240 professional drivers were assessed with LES (Life Event Scale), Copying Scale, SSRS (Social Support Rating Scale), EPQ and SCL-90 Result: Drivers' main stressors were problems in family or work They were more likely active coping In social support, subjective support was stronger than objective support They were more externally controlled Compared with Chinese norm, they had higher E score and lower N score of EPQ They had higher scores in somatization, obsession and anxiety of SCL-90 There were significant differences in LES, intervening variables and stress reaction between drivers with accident records and those without Conclusion:Life stress and corresponding reaction of professional drivers are associated with traffic accidents