环境评价中的权重理论与方法初探

A Preliminary Exploration of Weighting Theory and Methods in Environmental Quality Evaluation

准确权重是环境质量评价中普遍遇到的问题。本文总结了已知的定权方法并把它们分为六大类。应用模糊数学的观点探讨了权重的内涵,首次提出了模糊权函数理论,权重就是模糊子集——“重要”的隶属程度。在模糊权函数理论基础上又提出了11种定权方法和体系。介绍了黄土高原地区城市环境质量综合评价中的应用实例。

Properly weighting is a problem which often appears in environmental quality evaluation. The known weighting methods were reviewed and classified into six types. Applying the point of view of Fuzzy mathematics the meaning of actual contains of weighting was analyzed and the Fuzzy Set Theory and the Fuzzy Weight Function Theory (which takes the weight as the subordinate degree for Fuzzy Set-'Importance') was first explored. On the basis of the theory, eleven tentative weighting method systems were also proposed. As an example, the environmental quality evaluation of the cities at the loess plateau were presented.