气相色谱-质谱法测定孜然芹挥发油的化学成分

Determination of Chemical Components of Volatile Oil from Cuminum cyminum L. by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从孜然芹中提取挥发性成分,并用气相色谱 质谱法(GC MS)联机分析,共分离出60余峰,鉴定出了49种物质,用面积归一法确定了相对含量。在所分离出的化合物中,碳氢化合物16种,烃类含氧衍生物32种。主要成分为枯茗醛和藏花醛,它们分别占测得组分的32 26%和26 49%。另有9种含量在1%以上的物质,主要是萜类中的单萜、倍半萜和芳香族醛、酮醚类物质。低含量组分主要为萜烯类的醇、醛、酮、酯和部分芳香族化合物。在气相色谱分析中,选择了合适的色谱条件,采用中等极性的DB 210柱,对孜然芹挥发油中的中等极性和非极性成分有较好的分离效果。

Volatile oil was extracted from Cuminum cyminum L. by using steam distillation. More than sixty peaks were separated and 49 compounds were identified by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS). The relative amounts of the components were determined by area normalization method. Among the 49 compounds identified, there were 16 hydrocarbons and 32 oxygenated compounds. The main compnents were cuminal and safranal (accounting for 3226% and 2446% respectively in the components identified). The other nine compounds with contents all over 1%, were monterpenes, sesquiterpenes, aromatic aldehydes and aromatic oxides etc. The other components with relatively small amounts were chiefly terpenes, terpenols, terpenals, terpenones, terpene esters and aromatic compounds. It is good to separate polar and apolar components in the volatile oil from Cuminum cyminum L. on the GC capillary column of moderate polarity.