太阳风中磁流体湍流的特征和本质

THE NATURE OF SOLAR WIND TURBULENCE

在空间探测的早期,太阳风湍流现象就已经被空间飞船的观测发现了。但是太阳风湍流不同于过去学术界熟悉的流体湍流。虽然国际学术界已进行了长期的研究,但太阳风湍流的本质仍不能得到明确的认识,许多观测现象都得不到解释。涂传诒等[1～5]研究了这些现象,促进了理论上的新进展。这些研究指出,太阳风起伏中存在着非线性湍流相互作用,但不是完全发展的湍流,而是正处于由阿尔芬波向着完全发展的湍流过渡的状态。这一新的概念把阿尔芬波传播理论与磁流体湍流理论结合起来,导致了理论上的新进展,从而揭示了太阳风湍流的本质,阐明了一系列过去不能解释的观测现象。着重介绍了这些研究的成果和意义。

The solar wind turbulence was found in the early days of spacecraft observations. Although many international scientists studied on this topic for many years, the nature of the solar wind turbulence had not yet been discovered till the middle of 1980s. The solar wind turbulence is different from the fluid turbulence. Many observations could not be explained by the previous theory. Tu Chuanyi et al pointed out that nonlinear turbulent interactions exist in the solar wind fluctuations. However the solar wind turbulence is not a developed turbulence. It is in a state of transition from Alfven waves to developed turbulence. This new idea combined the Alfven wave propagation theory with the turbulence transfer theory and led to a few theoretical development, which discovered the nature of the solar wind turbulence and explain several important observations. 