常压固定床煤气发生炉自动控制研究

Study on automatic control over the fixed-bed coal-gas generator at normal pressure

研究了以无烟煤为原料的常压固定床煤气发生炉的自动控制 .通过对饱和温度、反应温度、煤的软化温度之间定性关系的研究 ,模拟出炉内各层次温度变化趋势 ;通过对炉出温度、加煤量、排灰量的工业数据分析 ,得出其定量关系 .经工业实践证实 :根据煤的软化温度及炉况监测的温度并辅以计算机手段可实现饱和温度的自动调节 ,使氧化层的温度趋近煤的软化温度 ;加煤量与炉出温度关系最为直接 ,可采用炉出温度信号控制加煤操作 ;加煤量、排灰量虽然均由发生炉负荷决定 ,但加煤量与排灰量之间的关系与发生炉负荷变化无关 ,可利用加煤操作控制除灰操作 ;实现了发生炉的综合自动控制 ,优化了发生炉各项工艺指标 。

The automatic control over the fixed bed coal gas generator for anthracite is studied. The trend of temperature in the generator is simulated according to the study on relation of saturation temperature, reaction temperature and the softening temperature of coal. By analyzing the gas temperature at outlet, the adding coal weight and the discharged ash weight, their quantity relation is obtained. The following conclusions have been verified by industrial data. The saturation temperature could be automatically adjusted by means of computer and the temperature of oxygenation layer would trend towards the softening temperature of coal,if the softening temperature and the real temperature in the generator is obtained. Because the gas temperature at outlet has a direct relation to the adding coal weight, the gas temperature at outlet could be applied to control the manipulation of adding coal. Although the weight of adding coal and the ash discharged depend on the generator load, the relation between weight of adding coal and ash discharged does not depend on the generator load. Therefore, the manipulation of adding coal could control manipulation of discharging ash. The automatic control over the generator is efficient, which optimizes the technological parameters and improves the technique level.