中国古代作者创作素质构成论研究——刘勰的“才、气、学、习”说新解

On Constitution of Creative Qualities of Author in Ancient China ——A new Comprehension of Liu Xie's "Talent,Disposition,Study,Habits and Characteristics

刘勰在《文心雕龙·体性》中提出“才、气、学、习”的作者创作素质构成论 ,一方面用以说明文学风格形成的原因 ,另一方面提出了作者创作素质构成的四个要素。四要素既各司其职 ,各显其能 ,又相互作用 ,相辅相成 ,构成作者的创作综合素质和综合能力 ,从而推动了中国古代作者论和作者批评的发展。对促进魏晋南北朝时期“文学自觉时代”的到来起到积极作用 ,对后世文学、文论和批评的发展也有重要意义。

In carving a dragon at the core of literature-style and personality,Liu Xie proposed a theory that author's creative qualities is constituted of 'talent,disposition,study,habits and characteristics'.For one thing,it can explain how literary style develops;for another,it proposed four key elements of the author's creative qualities.Each element plays its role by itself;at the same time,each affects others and functions as a whole,composing of comprehensive qualities and capabilities.This thought advances the theory and criticism of the author,as well as it plays a significant role in welcoming the stage of literary consciousness in Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties.It also has great value in advancing later literature and criticism.