冷战、美国霸权与全球化——冷战史研究新视角

The Cold War, the U. S. Hegemony and Globalization

冷战对全球化的影响表现在其所造成的两大对立国际集团内部的高度协调在分割世界的同时,又对世界市场的一体化具有直接的推动作用。美国的霸权则通过维护冷战期间西方集团的政治稳定,帮助确立和维持战后资本主义世界市场的自由化和多边开放,从而推进了国际经济向全球经济转化,全球化由此而迅速发展。全球化对冷战的影响则表现在促使冷战期间的两极国际体系比较稳定地运行,并且导致冷战以和平的方式宣告终结。同时,全球化还对美国霸权的消长起决定性的作用。

This paper mainly deals with the relationship between the Cold War, the hegemony of the United States and globalization. The impact of the Cold War on globalization was that the harmonization among the two conflicting blocks promoted the integration of world market. Nevertheless, the American hegemony helped to set up and maintain the liberalization of world market and to keep the market in multilateral conditions. All this caused international economy transferring into world or global economy that promoted the development of globalization. Under the development of globalization the international bipolar system kept comparatively stable and globalization also led the Cold War to a peaceful end. Moreover, in the process of globalization American hegemony declined in some respects and inclined in others as well.