材料的呈现方式对大学生分类活动影响的研究

A RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF STIMULI PRESENTING MODE ON UNDERGRADUATES'' CLASSIFICATION

以 6 0名视力、智力均正常的大学生为被试 ,采用维度特征互不相同的三套图片材料和三种材料呈现方式 ,以被试分类的结果和解释的理由为依据 ,用一维特征分类、整体相似性分类、两阶段策略分类和其它分类等作为因变量指标 ,采用不完全被试内设计进行实验。用SPSS 8.0forwindows对实验结果进行处理。结果 :在A方式下 ,被试倾向于按材料的一维特征分类 ;在B方式下 ,被试倾向于按材料的整体相似性分类 ;在C方式下 ,被试倾向于按两阶段策略分类。

undergraduates subjects from Yancheng,all with normal eyesight and intelligence, were randomly selected for this experiment. The stimuli materials were composed of perceptually different pictures which were divided into 3 sets according to their dimension characteristics. The stimuli materials were presented in 3 conditions, and on the basis of the subjects' performance and explanation, the dependent variables were the results of classification based on single - dimension characteristics, whole similarity, two- phrase strategy and other strategies.The experiment was designed as within- subjects,in which each of the 3 sets of stimuli materials and each of the 3 present conditions were given by turns. The χ 2 test was performed on the datum with SPSS 8. 0 for Windows. The results showed: undergraduates tended to classify on the basis of single- dimension characteristics of stimuli under A condition, whole similarity under B condition, and two - phrase strategy under C condition.