对礼治与德政的历史反思

Historical Thought on “Rule of Courtesy”and “Rule of Virtue”

不少文章将传统的“礼治”、“德治”归结为“人治”论,在批判“人治”的声浪中,否定了中国传统法文化的积极因素。其实,德治要求的是“以德政治国”;而“礼治”更涵盖着“礼制”、“礼法”、“礼仪”、“礼貌”、“礼器”、“礼教”等不同层面的丰富内容,其“礼法”一层又包括刑名、法律、条例、禁令等。在这里,礼、法、刑、制等,原是统一的东西,都服务于“治”。论者离开中国传统法文化的实际,片面解释德治、礼治问题,实在是一种人为的误解,应予澄清。

Traditional 搑ule of courtesy?and 搑ule of virtue?are summed up to 搑ule of man?by quite a number of authors. They have negated the positive facts of traditional Chinese law culture. In fact, the requirement of 搑ule of virtue?is 搑unning by benevolent rule.?揜ule of courtesy?includes ?running by courtesy? 搇aw of courtesy? 揷eremony and propriety? 損oliteness?and 揻eudal ethical code? Among them 搇aw of courtesy?contains the name of punishment, law, regulations, prohibition, etc. Courtesy, law, punishment and control serve the rule. Unilaterally expressing the point of 搑ule of courtesy?and 搑ule of virtue?is contrived misunderstanding. It should be clarified.