论我国的无效行政行为制度

On System of Invalid Administrative Act in Our Country

无效行政行为因具有重大的明显的违法情形,自始不发生任何法律效力。为维护自身合法权益,行政相对人对无效行政行为有两种对策:温和而言,可以不受任何时间限制地通过申诉、申请复议、提起诉讼等途径寻求救济;激进而言,完全可以无视其存在,拒绝履行义务,直至采取对抗形式进行正当防卫。我国对无效行政行为的立法刚刚起步,应该根据法治原则和宪法精神,修改现行的有关法律规定,尽快确立和完善无效行政行为制度,以适应新形势下依法行政的要求。

Invalid administrative act has no legal validity from beginning to end because of its gross and evident illegalities.In order to safeguard one's own legitimate interest,the administrative counterpart may take two ways:the mild way and the radical way.As far as the former is concerned,the administrative counterpart can seek remedy by appealing,applying for reconsideration and instituting a proceeding,etc.without time limit.As far as the latter is concerned,the administrative counterpart can ignore the existence of the invalid adminstrative act completely,refuse to perform the obligation,even take some resisting form for justifiable defence.Our country has just started legislation of invalid administrative act;therefore,we should,according to the principle of ruling by law and the constitutional spirit,amend related laws,establish and perfect the system of invalid administration act as soon as possible,so as to suit the demand of administration by law in the new situation.