水稻对受体植物化感作用的遗传生态学研究

Genetic ecology of rice allelopathy on receiver plant.

选用化感作用潜力差异较大的 5个水稻品种 (系 ) ,按不完全双列杂交设计 (4× 5 )配制成一套包括亲本、F1两个世代的遗传材料 ,在不同环境条件下 ,测定其不同叶龄时期对受体植物莴苣幼苗茎长的抑制作用 .采用包括基因型与环境互作的数量性状加性 显性发育遗传模型 ,分析了水稻化感作用的动态遗传及与环境互作效应 .结果表明 ,水稻叶龄在 7叶期对莴苣茎长的化感作用受加性效应的影响 ,在 3叶期和 6叶期由显性效应控制 ,在 5叶期和 8叶期加性和显性效应均有作用 ,以显性效应为主 ,呈现间断表达的遗传特点 .普通狭义遗传率在 5叶期、7叶期和 8叶期达显著水平 ,随叶龄增大趋于下降 .水稻化感作用受基因型与环境互作效应的影响较大 ,应注意控制水稻生长发育的环境 ,以达到最佳利用水稻化感作用潜力的目的 .

In this study, 5 parental rice lines with different allelopathic potential were employed in partial diallel cross (4×5) to get 10 groups of F 1 seeds. After testing the inhibitory effects of 5 parents and 10 F 1s under different environment at different leaf stage on the shoot length of receiver plant lettuce( Lactuca sativa L.),dynamic genetics of rice allelopathy and its genotype×environment effects were analyzed by using additive dominant developmental genetic models. The results showed that additive and dominant effect genes expressed alternatively during 3 leaf stage to 8 leaf stage in rice seedling. As additive effect genes were pronounced at 7 leaf stage,dominant effect genes appeared to play the most important role at 3 leaf stage and 6 leaf stage but the two effect genes were equally important at 5 leaf stage and 8 leaf stage. Heritabilities analysis indicated that the general heritability in the narrow sense(H N 2) was significant at 5 ,7 and 8 leaf stage,and decreased with increasing leaf stage. Rice allelopathy was significantly affected by genotype×environment(GE) interaction,suggesting that the environment of allelopathic rice development must be controlled for practical use.