降解芳烃微生物的多样性

Diversity of the microorganisms degrading aromatic hydrocarbons.

芳烃是一类生物异源物质 .自然微生物群落利用其对环境的适应性 ,对这类物质由陌生到适应 ,微生物群落的遗传背景发生了变化 ,降解芳烃的微生物呈现出多样性 .本文系统介绍了降解芳烃微生物的特性、物种资源、环境适应、遗传背景及演变 ;介绍了各遗传型物种的功能基因数量、表达及调控方式 ;指明芳烃环境污染的生物修复主要取决于高效工程构造及代谢过程的控制 .

Aromatic hydrocarbons are biological xenobiotics. Indigenous microorganism groups turn from being unfamiliar with into active response to environmental changes by their adaptability to environment. There are changes in their genetic background, and then,the biodiversity turns into being. This paper reviewed the microorganism groups resources,biocharacters,genetic background,evolvement and their aptability to environment;described the genetic information,expression and regulatory for some species in detail;and pointed out that the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons depended maily on new microorganisms formed by genetic engineering and on their highly efficient metabolic regulatory.