持续弹力牵引成骨修复腭裂的实验研究

Osteo-distractive technique for bony repair of cleft Palate in a dog model

目的 应用持续弹力牵引成骨技术进行封闭腭裂、延长硬腭的实验研究 ,探讨以组织新生方式修复腭裂的可行性。方法 6个月龄杂种犬 10只 ,随机分为空白对照组、实验对照组、实验组。实验组人工制备宽 8mm、长 2 5mm硬腭裂隙 ,腭骨水平板周围切骨 ,经 5d的间歇期后安置记忆合金牵引器 ,向后、向中线牵引 ,达到预期结果后 ,牵引器继续保持 8周。结果 实验对照组裂隙无明显变化。实验组裂隙逐渐缩窄 ,裂隙后部于 2～ 3周封闭 ,裂隙前部缩窄为 1～ 2mm的缝隙 ,同时硬腭向后延长 ;组织学证实骨牵引区域完全为新生骨组织所填充。结论 持续弹力牵引成骨能够诱导腭裂犬腭骨和附着的软组织新生 ,有效封闭腭部裂隙、延长硬腭。

Objective To investigate the possibility of closing bony palatal cleft and lengthening hard palate. Methods Ten 6-month mongrel dogs were divided into three groups: the control(n=2), sham control(n=2) and the experimental group(n=6). An 8mm×25mm posterior hard palatal cleft was made surgically by bilateral and anterior osteotomies of the palate in six experimental dogs. After a 5-day latency period, a distraction device made of NiTi-shape memory alloy was placed in position for continuous extension of the hard palate. Each distractor was kept in place for 8 weeks after the cleft was closed. Results The posterior cleft was closed in 2～3 weeks period of the distraction, while the anterior cleft was narrowed to 1～2mm in width. The hard palate was lengthened backward obviously. The new bone was observed in the area after the distraction. Conclusion The above-mentioned technique may be an effective technique for bony repair of the cleft palate.