环保型大豆重迎茬专用肥对大豆产量和品质的影响

Effect of Environmental Special Fertilizer for Continuous Cropping Soybean on Seed Yield and Quality

2001年在内蒙乌兰浩特(试验1)、吉林省公主岭(试验2)、辽宁昌图县(试验3)进行了环保型大豆重迎茬专用肥的田间试验,结果表明该专用肥配方1～6对"火龙秧子"有明显的抑制作用,各配方的产量均明显高于无肥对照和传统施肥二铵,除配方5处理外,差异均达到了显著水平。试验2和3的结果也表明,与无肥对照和传统施肥相比,该专用肥在大豆的生物学性状以及产量方面均表现明显优势,配方1和配方6的增产幅度分别达到了显著水平。但在这三个试验中增产幅度有较大差异,试验1和3(孢囊线虫重度和中度),大豆产量的增产幅度为1.48倍～9.4倍,优于药肥1大龙和药肥2的增产效果(1.11倍到7.0倍),试验2(轻度发病)各配方增产幅度为2.3%～15.9%,其中有几个配方的效果好于药肥1大龙和药肥2。另外环保型大豆重迎茬专用肥提高了大豆籽粒中粗脂肪含量。

Field experiments were carried out with environmental speciali fertilizer (E S F) on continuous cropping soybean in three areas of ChinaWulanhaote, Inner Mongolia; Gongzhuling, Jiling province; and Changtu, Liaoning province. The experiments consisted of 10 treatments, replicated three times including control, conventional fertilizer (biammonium phosphate), pesticide fertilizer combination1, pesticide fertilizer combination2, from special fertilizer formula 1 to formula 6. At Wulanhaote, E S F Formula 1 to Formula 6, suppressed 'huolongyangzi' that is caused by sporangium nematodes in soybean. Also soybean yields for the E S F treatments were higher than that for the control and for the treatments using biammonium phosphate (BAP). But for E S F Formula 5, all other observed yield increases were significant. At Gongzhuling and Changtu the S E F performed out BAP. E S F produced good plant height and above ground and root biomass. Soybean yield with E S F Formula 1 and Formula 6 were significantly greater than for BAP. In the experiments at the three locations, soybean yield was 1.48 to 9.4 times higher than that of the control treatments, at Wulamhaote and Changtu, where there was high and middle infestation of sporangium nematodes, respectively, the E S F treatments were 1.11 to 7.0 times superior to two treatments in which a pesticidefertilizer combination was used. E S F increased the yield of continuously cropped soybean by 2.3% to 19.8% over that of the control, at Gongzhuling, E S F also outperformed the treatments in which a pesticidefertilizer combination was used. The yield and quality (crude oil content) of continuously cropped soybean with E S F was superior to that obtained with BAP or with a pesticidefertilizer combination or control.