中华鳖七群体稚鳖—成鳖阶段养殖性能评估

Evaluation of aquaculture performance of seven populations ofTrionyx sinensis from larvae to adult stage

对我国中华鳖代表性的7个地方群体,在温室恒温(30℃)条件下,采用随机完全区组设计方法,进行了从稚鳖到成鳖、300余天的养殖性能的比较试验。主要结果:(1)7群体间个体日均增重差异极显著(F>0.01),日均增重大小顺序是:黄河鳖>淮河鳖>鄱阳湖鳖≈洞庭湖鳖>台湾鳖>崇明鳖>太湖鳖,黄河鳖极显著地优于其它群体(t>0.01)。(2)7群体间每平方米日均产量差异极显著(F>0.01),大小顺序是:黄河鳖>淮河鳖>洞庭湖鳖≈鄱阳湖鳖>台湾鳖>太湖鳖>崇明鳖,黄河鳖极显著地(t>0.01)或显著地(t>0.05)优于其它群体。(3)中华鳖个体生长差异,无论在同一群体内,或是7群体间,都很大。最大个体重/最小个体重比在黄河鳖最低,为5.6(♀)～8.3(♂),崇明鳖最高,为17.1(♀)～17.7(♂);从体重的变异系数看,也是黄河鳖最低。(4)7群体雌、雄性比总平均为:50.7%∶49.3%。雄性较雌性增重快8.4%(t>0.01)。

For the seven representative populations of softshelled turtle(Trionyx sinensis) in China, an experiment in aquaculture performance from larvae to adult stage, was carried out in greenhouse with constant temperature(30℃) and lasted over 300d by randomized block design. The major results were: (1) There was a highly significant difference in daily individual body weight gain among 7 populations(F>0.01), and the order was Yellow River population> Huai River population> Poyang Lake population≈ Dongting Lake population> Taiwan population> Chongming population> Taihu Lake population. The Yellow River population was higher than others significantly(t>0.01). (2) The daily average yield per square meter among 7 populations was highly significant (F>0.01), the order was Yellow River population>Huai River population>Dongting Lake population≈Poyang Lake population>Taiwan population>Taihu Lake>Chongming population, and Yellow River population was also higher than the other populations significantly (t>0.01).(3) The individual variation of growth rate was remarkable either within a population, or among popualtions, and the ratio of maximum body weight/minimum body weight was the lowest in the Yellow River turtle, e.g. 5.6(♀) ～8.3(♂ ), and highest in the Chongming turtle, e.g., 17.1(♀) ～17.7(♂). The coefficient of variation of body weight was lowest in Yellow River turtle. (4) In general, the sex ratio of 7 populations was 50.7%(♀): 49.3%(♂), male turtles grow faster than female ones by 8.4%(t>0.01).