谈色彩词中的特殊成员:物色词

Words Denoting the Natural Color of Objects, a Special Sub-Group of Color Lexemes

色彩学将人们通常看到的各种物体的色彩称为“物体色”。当人们将形成“物体色”的要素之一 :“物体本身”作为命名色彩的根据时 ,便产生了我们所谓的“物色词”。在动态的言语活动中 ,为了快捷而又准确地创造出符合语境的言语色彩词 ,不同的言语主体往往会不约而同地采取“近取诸身 ,远取诸物”的说明方法 ,从而使具有不同色彩特征的客观事物成为了言语主体说明某种特定色彩的最直观、最便捷、最形象的工具 ,最终使“物色词”成为色彩词随机造词活动中最常见的“产品”。

Chromatics terms the natural colors of various objects people are used to seeing as 'objective colors'. When people name a color after one of the essential components of an 'objective color', i.e. the object itself, what we call 'word denoting the natural color of an object' arises. In order to be fast in generating accurate, pro-contextual color lexemes in the flux of language activities, different subjects tend to coincide in 'naming the color after the appearance of a nearby object and after the material of a distant object', thereby turning materials of different colors to a most direct, handy, and imaginative aid used by the subjects to denote particular colors. In this way, words denoting the natural color of objects have become the most frequently encountered color lexemes coined by improvisation.