二元悖论:村民自治面临的根本挑战

Binary Antinomy:the Essential Challenge Faced by Villagers' Autonomy

中国的村民自治在发展过程中出现了"二元悖论"现象,即党的领导和村民自治在对农村基层具体事务的组织管理方面存在着权力重叠,出现了强调党的领导就会弱化甚至放弃村民自治,而强调村民自治就会弱化党的领导的进退两难的问题。这一现象在内容上表现为现有法律存在着严重漏洞,形式上是村民自治在运行过程中的剧烈矛盾和冲突,根源在于党所强调的"人民利益"是抽象的和原则性的,而村民利益则是具体的和多样性的,党所代表的"人民利益"与村民的具体利益存在着不一致性;"二元悖论"是长期以来我国农村各种矛盾的集中反映,是党群矛盾新的体现,决定着村民自治的成败。而目前各地为解决这一问题所采取的诸如"一肩挑"或"两票制"只是党的一元化领导新的翻版,并不能真正消除"二元悖论"现象。

During the development of Villagers' Autonomy in China there has appeared the phenomenon of Binary Antinomy, namely, there has been power superposition from the aspect of the management of the country's grass root affairs between the CPC's leadership and villagers' autonomy. That means emphasizing on the CPC's leadership will weaken villagers' autonomy, but emphasizing on the latter will weaken the CPC's leadership. This phenomenon behaves severe leak of current law in contents and intense contradiction in the course of villagers' autonomy formally. The root of this phenomena is that the people's interests which the CPC emphasizes on are abstract and fundamental, but the villagers' interests are substantial and various.The people's interests and the villagers' interests are inconsistent. Binary Antinomy reflects our country's various contradictions in the long term. It is also the new embodiment of the conflict between the CPC and the people and it determines the success of villagers' autonomy. Now the measures adopted in many places such as 'two vote system' are just new repetition on the CPC's centralizedleadership. They can not eliminate this phenomenon in deed.