偏振雷达在人工影响天气工作中的应用潜力

Application Potential of Polarization Radar in Weather Modification

在人工影响天气作业时 ,实时了解被作业云中的水成物粒子大小、相态、密度、运动等参数及其微物理变化过程是非常重要的。这些微观参量和微物理过程揭示了云降水发展的不同阶段 ,对于及时正确地评估云增水及消雹潜力 ,确定是否适合人工影响作业以及如何正确选择作业时机、作业部位和作业量 ,与了解云的宏观特征一样是至关重要的 ,它是提高作业效率的基础。本文借助国内外偏振雷达应用研究中成功的范例 ,探讨了偏振雷达在人工影响天气方面的应用问题。特别是介绍了不同偏振雷达在识别云内水成物粒子的相态、密度 ,观测云内水成物粒子微物理变化过程 ,以及被作业云的作业效果评估等方面的方法。这些方法对于发展我国偏振雷达技术 ,促进偏振雷达在人工影响天气方面的应用和提高我国人工影响天气工作水平方面有很好的参考与借鉴作用。

It is impotent that understanding the parameters of size, density, type and moving of hydrometeors and the process of microphysics change of these hydrometeors within clouds in real\|time for weather modification, because these parameters and process reveal the different evolution stages of cloud and precipitation, and they are very useful for estimating the potential increase precipitation of cloud and correctly select the area and time of artificial seeding. It provide the basis for raising effect of weather modification. According to the successful application examples of polarization weather radar, the application problem of the polarization weather radar in weather modification was discussed and especially the methods of identify the type was introduced, density of hydrometeors and monitor the microphysics change process within clouds and estimating the effect after artificial seeding. These methods will be useful for developing ourselves polarization weather radarand raising application level of weather modification in our country.