昆明城市热岛效应立体分布特征

Characteristics of Vertical Distribution of Urban Heatisland Effect in Kunming City

利用低纬高原城市昆明城内外垂直观测资料 ,探讨了低纬高原城市的城市气候立体分布特征 ,通过比较分析 ,得出如下初步结果 :昆明城市热岛效应不仅在地面附近存在 ,而且在城市上空也存在 ;其城市热岛效应为夜间强 ,影响高度高 (>5 0m) ;昼间弱 ,影响高度低 (<5 0m) ;近地面强 ,上空弱 ;昆明城市区域的气温垂直分布昼间为随高度增高温度递减 ,而夜间为逆温分布 ;受昆明城市周边环境影响 ,昆明城市热岛效应最大值中心呈现随高度增高而偏移现象。如此的气温立体空间分布 ,将对城市污染扩散、建筑物的设计、城市节能等产生影响。

Using the vertical measurement data of urban and suburb in kunming which located at low\|latitude plateau, the characteristics of vertical distribution of city climate at low\|latitude plateau city were analyzed. Through comparing analyses, the primary results are as follows: The findings indicate that urban heat island lie in not only near the ground but also upper atmosphere, the intensity of night (influenced height >50 m) go beyond daytime (influenced height <50 m), near the ground exceed upper atmosphere. In urban area, the air temperature decrease with height increasing in daytime and temperature at night is inversion distribution, the center of urban heat island shifts with height increasing. This distribution would have an effect on the diffusion of urban contamination, architecture design and energy saving.