阿尔泰语言构形成分的句法层次问题

The Syntactic Tiers of Altaic Inflectional Suffixes ——An Approach of Generative Syntax

在传统语法研究中词法与句法严格分离 ,而且以构词法和构形法作为词法的主要内容 ,只是在词平面上加以研究。这容易把语言研究引入歧途 ,使我们无法阐明格 (K)、静词化成分 (SUBSZ)以及屈折成分 (INFL)等构形成分的句法层次关系。以乔姆斯基为代表的生成语法学派理论推翻了传统语法或结构主义语法不切实际的一套东西 ,摧毁了传统语法在词法和句法之间人为设置的藩篱 ,为阿尔泰语言的研究开辟了新的道路。当我们按生成语法理论把阿尔泰语言的构形成分作为功能语类 (functionalcategory)处理时发现 。

Traditional grammar makes a clear\|cut distinction between morphology and syntax,and all inflectional suffixes are analyzed on the basis of a single word in morphology.As a result,we are always led astray in dealing with the syntactic tiers of inflectional elements such as case suffixes (K), substantivizers (SUBSZ),and tense and personal suffixes (INFL).In contrast,the theory of generative syntax by Chomskyan school abolishes the unrealistic approach of traditional and structuralism grammar,and eliminates the gap between morphology and syntax.Thus it provides us with a totally new approach to deal with the agglutinative Altaic languages.We find out that in the frame of generative syntax all Altaic inflectional suffixes are treated as functional category and their syntactic tiers unsolvable in traditional grammar are convincingly interpreted. [