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南美白对虾的性腺发育、交配、产卵和受精 被引量:8

Behaviors of maturation, mating, spawning and fertilization in Penaeus vannamei
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摘要 对池养南美白对虾 (Penaeusvannamei)亲虾进行人工促熟 ,并使之交尾、产卵、受精。实验在上海金山区杭州湾河口低盐地区一套自行设计的水循环系统中进行 ,育苗用水通过兑配使盐度为 2 7~ 2 8。育苗期间基本不换水和移动亲虾。亲虾 2 0 5尾 ,雌雄比约 1∶1。雌虾切除眼柄后 3~ 4d ,性腺即开始发育 ,6~ 7d产卵 ,但未受精。手术后约 30d ,亲虾出现追尾现象、随之发生交配并出现受精卵。实验进行了约 6 0d ,共收集虾卵 4 5 6 .7万粒 ,其中受精卵出现后所产卵为 137万粒 ,通过设置在水循环系统内的集卵网袋 ,可收集到 95 %以上的卵 ,共获受精卵 6 1万粒 ,平均日受精率为 4 4 .5 % ,无节幼体 2 5 .1万尾 ,受精卵的平均孵化率为 4 1.2 % ,最高达 87.5 %。文中还重点讨论了雌雄亲虾性腺发育的特点 ,产卵交配规律 ,以及亲虾规格大小、饵料种类。 The experiment was conducted at Jinshan estuary area near Shanghai. About 200 parents Penaeus vannamei (sex ratio 1∶1) were cultured in a water recirculating system designed specially so that the samples did not have to be removed again and again. The recirculating water was kept at salinity 27 by mixing the natural sea water (salinity 9-12) with concentrated sea water (salinity 100-120). During the breeding, the culture water was not changed. The unilateral eyestalk ablation was conducted for the female parent shrimp to stimulate the ovary maturation. Three days after the operation the ovary development could be observed clearly and one week later, a part of shrimp began to spawn, but the eggs were not fertilized. One month later, fertilized eggs appeared and naupliar larvae were obtained. During the experiment, total 4 570 000 eggs were get from the spawning, but the fertilized numbers were 610 000 and the naupliar larvae numbers were 251 000, the hatching rate reaching 41.2%. Over 95% of the eggs could be collected automatically through the collecting bag fixed in side of the system.
出处 《中国水产科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2002年第4期335-339,共5页 Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金 上海市农委科技兴农重点攻关项目〔农科攻字 (0 0 )第 1-18号〕
关键词 南美白对虾 性腺发育 交配 产卵 受精 Penaeus vannamei maturation mating spawning fertilization
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