塔里木河流域的景观生态系统与特征

Landscape Ecology System and Characteristics In Tarim River Watershed

塔里木河流域景观生态元素对比度高 ,结构简单 ,其模式是沙漠 (基 )—绿洲 (斑 )—河流、水渠 (廊道 )。景观生态系统具敏感性、不稳定性特征 ,水是景观元素转换的起博器。在生态环境建设时通过“共生”控制人类—环境系统 ,整合社会—经济—自然生态系统 ,加大保护湿地、绿洲的力度。景观生态结构精细解剖的技术支撑是现代高新技术 ,结构重建的理论的基础是景观生态学的基本理论。塔里木盆地周边绿洲处于不同构造地貌单元的交接过渡带 ,景观生态建设需要将其纳入盆—山耦合系统中进行研究。

In Tarim river watershed,the contrast of landscape element is high,landscape framework is simple, the pattern is desert(matrix)-oasis(patch)-river or penstock(corridor).Landscape ecology is sensitive and instable,water is a switch element that lead the exchange of landscape elements.So,in the construction of eco-environment,human-environment system should be control,and the society ,economy and natural ecosystem should be integrated.The base of the anatomic technology for precision landscape framework is the modern high technology,framework reconstruction should be instructed by the basic theory of landscape ecology.Oasis located at Tarim basin margin,where is a connected zone of different tectonic morphologic units.So studying basin-mountain coupling system is demanded in constructing landscape.