孔子对诗乐范畴“兴”的拓展

Confucian Expansion of Category "Xing" of Poetry and Music

"兴"起源于一种盛大的祭祀表演。由于祭祀往往伴随着诗乐,所以,"兴"的初起之义是《周礼》所言"六诗"中的一种体裁。孔子在前人的基础上,对诗乐范畴"兴"进行了创造性的拓展。这表现为三个方面:一,孔子谈话往往具有"兴"的技巧;二,孔子首次以"兴"解释《诗经》;三,孔子在理论上总结了"兴"的鉴赏原则,并进一步以此评论《诗经》,取得了巨大的成就。

'Xing' is originated from a grand festival.Since worship is often accompanied by poetry and music,therefore,the original meaning of 'Xing' was one genre 'Six Poems' in 'Zhou'.Confucius developed creatively category 'Xing' on the basis of predecessors.It included three aspects:first,Confucius talked often with 'Xing' skills;Second,Confucius explained the book of songs with 'Xing' for the first time;Three,Confucius summarized the appreciation principle of 'Xing' in theory,and further to commented on the book of songs with 'Xing',and made great achievements.