美国海岸警卫队船艇——政府船舶还是军舰?

The U.S. Coast Guard Cutters and Boats——Warship or Government Ships?

依据《联合国海洋法公约》、《美国法典》、《美国联邦法规》和美军相关文献,分析了美国海警船艇的"政府船舶"属性和"军舰"属性,进一步明确了美国海警船艇具有美国国内法所赋予的"公务船"法律地位和国际法所赋予的"军舰"的完全主权豁免法律地位。此结论,对于分析美国海警的任务使命、看清美国海警的海上行动本质具有重要现实意义。

This paper analyses the 'Warship' and 'Government Ships' properties that the U.S.Coast Guard(USCG) cutters had according to the relevant articles of the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea(UNCLOS), the U.S. CODE, the Code of Federal Regulation and the American military literatures, and further defined the legal status of privilege of sovereign immunity conferred by UNCLOS and the legal status of public vessels by the U.S. laws for all USCG cutters. The results have been a number of important interesting to discuss the legal mission and maritime operation of USCG.