试论我国侦查讯问制度的完善——以心理强制审讯策略的作用路径为视角

On Improving Chinese Interrogation System:Based on Study of Psychologically Coercive Methods' Progress

讯问作为传统的侦查方法,其目的在于获取案件线索或事实证据、排除或确定特定对象的作案嫌疑,从而为真相还原拨开迷雾。侦查人员理性与中立态度的确立是讯问效用充分发挥的保障。但在过去较长一段时间内,侦讯的主要目标向犯罪追诉倾斜,侦查人员故意或过失地忽略犯罪嫌疑人人权保障,进而导致我国刑事司法实践乱象丛生。近年来,立法从多角度出发对侦讯过程予以限制,身体强制审讯策略被摒弃,而心理强制审讯策略占据主流地位。因此,从心理强制审讯策略的概念及特征出发,结合其作用路径及运用现状进行分析,能够对我国侦讯制度发展提供完善建议。

Interrogation is a traditional method of investigation, which is used to discover the clues and evidences of the criminal cases and make sure the right people be convicted. The establishment of the rational and neutral attitude of investigators is absolutely the guarantee of the effect of interrogation, but for a long period of time in the past, the investigators fought with the crimes at the expense of the suspects' rights, which led to a lot of the judicial problems. Laws start to limit the methods used in interrogation these years, and the psychologically coercive methods have currently taken the place of the physical ones. Thus, the research of the concept, features and progress of the psychologically coercive methods and the analysis of the practical facts can provide good advise to improve the Chinese interrogation.