雾化吸入舒喘灵和高渗盐水治疗儿童中重度毛细支气管炎的疗效分析

The effect of nebulized salbutamol and 3% hypertonic saline on the treatment of children with moderate to severe bronchiolitis

目的比较雾化吸入舒喘灵和高渗盐水治疗婴幼儿中重度毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法选取2011年5月至2012年5月期间在安康市中心医院儿童呼吸哮喘科住院并且确诊为中重度毛细支气管炎的患儿40例,随机分为舒喘灵组和高渗盐水组;每组20例,分别在常规治疗的基础上每8 h 1次雾化吸入舒喘灵或3%高渗盐水各3 mL,观察两组患儿治疗后心率(heart rate, HR)、呼吸频率(respiratory rate, RR)、经皮血氧饱和度(oxygen saturation,SpO2)、临床危重评分(clinic severity, CS)变化,并比较氧疗时间、平均住院时间以及不良反应。结果舒喘灵组及高渗盐水组治疗后SpO2均呈不同程度升高(P<0.05),而HR、RR及CS评分均呈不同程度下降(P<0.05);高渗盐水组治疗更能改善中重度毛细支气管炎患儿SpO2、RR及CS(P<0.05);而HR改善较舒喘灵组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),同时高渗盐水组能降低中重度毛细支气管炎氧疗时间和住院时间(P<0.05)。结论雾化吸入3%高渗盐水改善中重度毛细支气管炎临床疗效优于舒喘灵,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To compare clinical efficacy of nebulized 3%hypertonic saline and salbutamol on the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants.Methods From May 2011 to May 2012,40 children with moderate to severe bronchiolitis,aged from 1 month to 24 months,who were admitted to respiratory asthma department of the Ankang City Center Hospital,were selected.They were divided into the salbutamol group and the hypertonic saline group.There were 20 cases in each group.On the basis of conventional treatment,inhalation of salbutamol(3 mL)or 3%hypertonic saline was given to each group once every 8 h.The heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),oxygen saturation(SpO2),oxygen therapy time,hospital stays,and side effects of treatment were observed in the two groups after treatment.Results After treatment,RR,CS score and SpO2 were obviously improved in the hypertonic saline group.The oxygen therapy time and average length of hospital stay were also significantly shorter.There was no significant difference in side effects between the two groups.Conclusion Clinical efficacy of nebulized 3%hypertonic saline on the treatment of moderate to severe bronchiolitis may be superior to salbutamol,therefore it can be widely generalizable in clinical application.