哈萨克斯坦“阿拉木图事件”性质辨析兼谈“反恐”叙事

An Analysis of the Nature of the “Almaty Incident” in Kazakhstan and “Anti-terrorism” Narration

2016年7月的'阿拉木图事件'让哈萨克斯坦的安全形势陡然引起各方关注。似乎哈萨克斯坦一下子成为恐怖袭击的新热点地区。本文在进行梳理和比较研究后发现,这一被哈官方定性为恐怖袭击(теракт)的事件其实并不符合恐怖袭击的标准,是一起具有一定轰动效应、以政府机关为打击对象的刑事案件。但并非偶然,哈官方旨在利用'反恐'叙事实现其治理目的。此类现象在今天的国际政治中并非少见,因此对'反恐话语'应审慎辨析。

The'Almaty Incident'on July 2016 brought the security situation of Kazakhstan to the attention of all sides.It seems that all of a sudden the situation in Kazakhstan is no longer optimistic;it has become a new hot spot for terrorist attacks.Objective factors contribute a great deal to this impression.First,the Incident is large in scale,resulting in six deaths(four of them being policeman)and nine injuries.Second,Almaty is the largest city of Kazakhstan,the former capital,also the political,economic,cultural,transportation,and financial center.Third,the'Almaty incident'is close in date to the'Aktobe Incident'in June,which results in additive effects.Fourth,the Incident happened at a time when terrorist attacks were the subject of public concern against the background that there was a spate of terrorist attacks in the United States and Europe.But all this is based on the presupposition that the'Almaty Incident'is indeed a terrorist attack.Otherwise,the arguments are no different from towers built on sand.