解析巴基斯坦社会和文化主要特征

The Main Sociocultural Characteristics of Pakistan

本文旨在对巴基斯坦社会和文化性质及现代化程度进行判断,首先从葛兰西的“市民社会”理论出发简述巴国社会和文化状况,根据其社会权力分布特点及政府、军队、市民社会与部落宗族的关系提出巴“弱政府”特征;其次,从人类文化发展主要载体代谢理论以及文化与大众化之间关系出发,对巴宗教和文化的当代状况进行分析,认为:巴宗教、文化、政治和生活方式“四位一体”的状态导致其现代化程度偏低。

This paper attempts to judge the sociocultural properties and modernization process of Pakistan.Based on Gramsci5s theory on“civil socie-ty'",this paper briefly describes the sociocultural situation of Pakistan,and puts forward the characteristic of“weak governmentv according to lits social power distribution and the relationship among goveniment,anny,civil society and tribal clans.Then based on the metabolic theory of the main carrier of human cultural development and the relationship between culture and popularization,this paper analyzes the contemporary situation of religion and culture in Pakistan,and holds that the"quaternity"of religion,culture,politics and lifestyle has led to Pakistani low degree of modernization.