增强战略相互借重 提升发展合作水平———中俄天然气合作新思考

Enhancing Mutual Strategic Borrowing and Improving Development Cooperation——New Thinking on Sino-Russian Natural Gas Cooperation

自1993年起,中国由石油出口国变为石油净进口国,石油的对外依存度远远超过60%。中国的能源消费结构从'富煤、缺气、少油'正向'去煤、稳油、增气'方面进行战略性调整,未来油气的缺口会更大。中国进口的80%的石油须经过马六甲海峡进入南海、东海,美国有些狂人由此扬言:'必要时封锁切断这一海峡通道。'南海的战略意义不仅在于它蕴藏丰富的油气资源,'解套马六甲困局'也迫在眉睫。十多年来,中国的能源外交取得重大胜利,目前已建成或在建四条陆上油气通道。近在咫尺的俄罗斯是油气生产大国,从互有需求、相互借重出发,结伴而行,联手制衡美国的单边主义,形成油气产销共同体:中俄西线天然气合作事不宜迟,俄、中、印能源合作恰逢其时。

In 1993,China turned from an oil exporter to a net importer,and currently China’s external dependence of crude oil has far exceeded 60%.China’s energy consumption structure is strategically adjusting from'rich coal,short gas and less oil'to'removing coal,stabilizing oil and increasing gas',and the gap in oil and gas will be even bigger in the future.Eighty percent of China’s crude oil imports have to pass through the Strait of Malacca before entering the South China Sea,and some madmen in the United States have thus threatened to'block and cut off the Strait if necessary'.The strategic significance of the South China Sea lies not only in its rich oil and gas resources,but also in the urgency to lift the deadlock of Malacca.Over the past decade or so,China’s energy diplomacy has won a major victory.At present,four onshore oil and gas channels have been built,and it is advisable for China to form a community of oil and gas production and marketing with Russia,a close neighbor and a major oil and gas producer.Such a community can not only meet each other’s needs,but also facilitate mutual borrowing and partnership to counterbalance the United States’unilateralism.It is the right time to develop Sino-Russian west-line natural gas cooperation and energy cooperation among Russia,India and China.