岩溶地区水文模型综述

Review of karst hydrological models

岩溶地区含水系统内部结构的复杂性和实测资料的匮乏,使岩溶含水系统的水文模拟和水资源评价一直为该地区水文研究的重点和难点。本文主要简述了目前广泛用于岩溶地区的三种类型的模型:黑箱模型、概念模型和分布式模型,其中分布式模型又可细分为裂隙模型,管道模型,等效多孔介质模型和等效多孔介质-管道模型,在此基础上分析了各种模型的特点以及优缺点。根据不同模型的特点,如何选择合适的水文模型主要取决于模拟地区含水系统的认识程度和模拟用途有关。最后,本文指出了岩溶水文模型以后研究可能的发展方向。

Due to the complex structure and scare measured data of the karst aquifer system,it is difficult to simulate the karst aquifer system and carry the karst water resources assessment.This paper briefly introduces three types of models widely used in the karst area:black-box models,conceptual models and distribution models.The distribution model could also be divided into fracture models,conduit models,equivalent porous media models and hybrid models(equivalent porous media-conduit models).The characteristics of these models as well as their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and compared.How to choose the appropriate hydrological models to simulate the karst aquifer mainly depends on the investigation degree of the simulation area and models ' purposes.Finally,the future development direction of karst hydrological models is disscussed.