径向高温热管中段加热传热特性实验研究

Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Middle Position Heated Annular High Temperature Heat Pipes

高温热管技术作为一种在超声速飞行器热防护、太阳能接收器传热等技术领域中的关键技术,存在着中段受热、双向传热的技术难题。本文设计制备了一种径向高温热管,对其在中段集中加热、两侧双向传热的工况下进行了实验研究。具体包括:1)对15%与30%充液率热管进行了变加热功率热性能测试,观察充液率及加热功率对热管双向传热性能的影响;2)对15%充液率热管在竖直及水平工作角度下进行了冷态启动测试,并结合高温热管冷态启动两区模型,对其双向传热冷态启动过程进行深入分析。结果表明:该径向高温热管在中段加热工况下,具有良好的冷态启动特性及传热特性,冷态启动过程与两区模型相符;加热功率及充液率的改变对热管双向传热性能影响明显。

As one of important heat transfer elements using in hypersonic vehicle thermal protection and solar energy utilization, high temperature heat pipes are usually faced with the middle position heated and the bidirectional heat transfer problems. Using an experimental method, the annular high temperature heat pipes(AHTHP) were first designed and manufactured, and then applied to the middle position heated and the bidirectional heat transfer working conditions. In order to observe the filling ratio effects and the heating power effects on the heat pipe bidirectional heat transfer characteristics, two filling ratio of 15% and 30% were tested under different heating power. For the 15% filling ratio AHTHP, the frozen startup experiments were tested vertically and horizontally.With the combination of the two region model, the heat pipe startup process was studied. The results show that, AHTHPs can achieve a good bidirectional heat transfer performance and a quick frozen startup performance under the middle position heating condition;the bidirectional heat transfer frozen startup process is in good agreement with the two-region model;the heating power and the filling ratio have a significant effects on the AHTHP heat transfer.