政府补贴政策下产品差别定价与供应链协调机制

Products Differential Pricing and Supply Chain Coordination Mechanism under the Government Subsidy Policy

低碳经济背景下,考虑到市场上低碳产品和普通产品并存的情况,以双寡头上游制造商和一个下游零售商组成的供应链系统为研究对象,研究了低碳产品和普通产品的差别定价问题。以无政府补贴的分散式决策模型为基础,从降低低碳产品成本的角度出发,构建了有政府补贴的低碳产品和普通产品差别化定价模型,求解得到了两制造商及其下游零售商的最优定价策略。研究发现,政府补贴情况下的差别定价能实现低碳产品制造商利润、零售商利润和供应链系统利润的Pareto改善,却无法达到供应链整体利润最优。于是,针对分散决策造成供应链效率损失的情况,采用Shapley值法进行协调,并给出了契约协调机制。最后,通过算例对参数的敏感性进行了分析。

In the context of low-carbon economics,considering the case that there are low-carbon products and general products on the market at the same time,this paper studies differential pricing problems of the two products and the study object is the supply chain system consisting of duopoly upstream manufacturers and downstream retailers.Based on the distributed decision-making model without government subsidies,from the perspective of reducing the cost of low-carbon products,this paper builds the differential pricing model of the two products and gets the optimal pricing strategy of the two manufacturers and their downstream retailers.The study finds that with government subsidies the profit of low-carbon product manufacturers can be achieved through differential pricing,retailers' profit and supply chain systems profit Pareto is also improved,while optimal overall profit of the supply chain has failed to achieve.Thus,aiming at the loss of the efficiency of the supply chain caused by decentralized decision-making,we use the Shapley Value method to coordinate,and give the contract coordination mechanism.Finally,we analyze the sensitivity of the parameters by a numerical example.