领导-成员交换关系对知识型企业绩效的影响——基于计算实验的新视角

The Influence of Leader-member Exchange Relationship on Knowledge-based Enterprise Performance from a New Perspective of Computational Experiment

采用计算实验理论的研究方法,对领导成员交换关系影响知识型企业绩效的内在机制进行研究。通过管理者对不同关系员工绩效管理的定性分析,在运用NK模型描述组织成员工作机制的基础上,构建了LMX对知识型企业绩效影响的量化模型。模型包含复杂任务环境、组织结构、领导力、员工协作、组织文化等因素,并通过场景实验对模型进行分析。实验结果表明:复杂任务环境中,LMX可以弥补管理者在管控能力上的缺陷,但在知识型员工能力一定时,LMX中的差异化管理对组织绩效影响不大;分权民主的管理策略才能确保高品质LMX对知识型企业绩效的正向调节作用;知识型员工在LMX中也可以处于主导地位;不同的组织文化下,企业的用人策略要与LMX的情况做出相应的调整。

By analyzing leader-member exchange theory and knowledge-based enterprises' management mechanism,this paper adopts NK mode to construct a quantitative model to research how LMX affects knowledge-based enterprise performances.Considering of several factors in this mode such as complicated task environment,organization structure,leadership,members' cooperation,organization culture and so on,it applies computer simulation to analyze the mode.We can draw the following conclusions from the simulated results.Firstly,managers need to appropriately strengthen control ability in complicated task environment,and LMX can make up for the shortage in managers' control ability.Secondly,if the employees' abilities are certain,differentiated management in LMX will have few effects in enterprises' performance.Thirdly,only decentralization democratic management strategy can guarantee the positive effect of high quality LMX on enterprise performance.Fourthly,knowledge employees also have leading positions in LMX,and enterprises' personnel strategies have to be adjusted according to LMX conditions in different organizational cultures.