慈善捐赠的集体行动逻辑及其困境——基于制造业上市公司面板数据经验

Collective Action Logic and Dilemma of Philanthropic Giving——Based on Panel Data of Manufacturing Listed Companies

集体行动的逻辑及其困境阐释了个体理性和集体理性发生冲突而导致搭便车行为和集体非理性的结果,引入选择性激励措施有助于解决上述问题。基于上市公司面板数据,验证以自利为向导的企业个体在参与慈善行动、实现共同利益时,企业当期捐赠与行业集体捐赠呈现负相关的特点,表明慈善捐赠也存在集体非理性的困境,而企业性质和政治关联的选择性激励因素有助于缓解上述困境。企业应重新认识慈善捐赠的社会效益,满足慈善公共品的社会供给。

The logic and dilemma of collective action illustrate the conflict between individual rationality and collective rationality which results in free-rider behavior and collective irrationality.These problems can be solved by introducing selective incentive.Based on panel data of listed companies,this paper verifies self-interest guiding individual enterprise participating in charity actions and realizing common interests,and enterprise current donation is negatively related to the industry collective donation.It shows the collective irrational dilemma also exist in philanthropy field at the same time.Besides,selective incentive such as enterprise nature and political association can help alleviate difficulties mentioned above.The purpose of this paper is to help enterprises to rediscover the social benefit in philanthropic giving and satisfy the public goods supply of social charity.