从时空怀旧到心灵怀旧——从博伊姆《怀旧的未来》谈起

From Spatio-temporal Nostalgia to Spiritual Nostalgia:Starting with Boym’s The Future of Nostalgia

'怀旧'现象由来已久,渊源流长。远古人对祖先和神灵的祭祀,近现代发明的黑白照片、古典音乐等,几乎都是人类怀旧的特定表达方式。作为一种修复型的'小写的怀旧',时空怀旧不仅是对故土家园和往昔岁月的怀念,而且也是对传统的一种守望与更新。而心灵怀旧更多寄希望于人类的未来,虽然怀念过去,但并不一味迷恋过去或试图恢复过去的传统。人类通过有选择的记忆和遗忘,以实现与过去的融合与交互,进而创造更加美好的未来,这是一种反思型的'大写的怀旧'。

It has been a long history for a phenomenon of nostalgia in human being,from ancient sacrifices to ancestors and Spirits,to modern black and white photographs,which are all special ways of expressing nostalgia.Spatio-temporal nostalgia is not only a yearning for the homeland and the past time,but also an attempt of watching and renewing to the tradition,which is a'remediational model'of'lowercase'nostalgia.While spiritual nostalgia is full of hope for the future of mankind,which yearns for the past but does not attempt to restore the past and tradition.Through a kind of selective remembering and forgetting,we can achieve reconciliation with the past and create a better future,which is a'reflective model'of'uppercase'nostalgia.