原型范畴理论下当代汉语辞格划分的思考

On the Categorization of Contemporary Chinese Rhetoric Based on the Theory of Prototype Category

辞格是当代汉语修辞学系统的重要组成部分,长久以来辞格划分的研究分歧不断。以认知语言学原型范畴理论为依托,辞格从使用频率、表达效果和有无特定结构形式这三方面考察,可以大致划分为有形范畴和无形范畴。范畴里有典型与非典型辞格,范畴的边界是模糊的,辞格之间是存在相似关系的。原型范畴理论能推动辞格的动态研究,生成能力研究并促进一个开放式的辞格分类系统的建立。

As an important part of contemporary Chinese rhetoric,research on the categorization of rhetoric has been divided for a long time.Based on the prototype category theory of cognitive linguistics,the concept is studied from three aspects:frequency of use,expression effect and specific structure.Rhetoric can be roughly divided into visible types and invisible types,and both can be redivided into typical and atypical ones,but the boundary of its division is vague although with similarity.The prototype category theory can promote the dynamic study of rhetoric,its generative ability and the establishment of an open category system.