高校科研仪器管理者对外开放共享意愿影响因素分析——基于Probit模型的实证研究

Factors Affecting the Willingness of University Research Instrument Managers to Open to the Outside World——An Empirical Study Based on Probit Model

由“管理者理性假设”“政策激励假设”“制度约束假设”“时间供给假设”可知,当科研保障得到很好满足的情况下,高校所属科研机构通过高校规范平台提供的对外共享服务是实现科研仪器效益最大化最理性选择。以高校科研仪器设备管理者(负责人)作为研究对象,从管理者(负责人)的特征、政策组变量、制度约束组变量、时间供给组变量四个维度构建高校科研仪器对外开放共享意愿影响因素变量,并运用Probit模型进行分析。结果表明:年龄、留学背景、激励政策对科研仪器良好运行的保障程度感知、对出台具有约束和惩罚性制度的总体感知程度、对出台具有约束和惩罚性制度的执行状况感知五个因素在10%的水平上显著;对出台的激励政策总体满意程度、激励政策对经济收入水平提高影响感知、科研仪器操作的专业性程度、对外开放共享平台搭建建设情况四个因素在5%以下水平显著;职称、个人收入水平、激励政策对管理者(负责人)职称晋升影响感知、管理者(负责人)富裕时间状况三个因素在1%以下水平显著影响高校的科研平台管理人员(负责人)科研仪器对外共享服务意愿。性别对高校的科研平台管理人员(负责人)科研仪器对外共享服务意愿没有影响。提出渐进式推进高校科研仪器设备对外共享服务工作、进一步建立健全科研仪器对外共享的各项规章制度、加强科研仪器对外共享平台搭建、建立科研仪器良好运行的保障机制、建立科研仪器共享灵活的管理和运行机制等建议。

From the“rational assumptions of managers”,“hypothesis of policy incentives”,“hypothesis of institutional constraints”,and“supply hypothesis of time,”we can see that when scientific research guarantees are well satisfied,externally shared services provided by university-affiliated scientific research institutions through the university's normative platform are the most rational choices for maximizing the effectiveness of scientific research instruments.Taking the scientific research instrument and equipment managers(responsible persons)of universities as research objects,this paper constructs the influence factors on the openness and sharing of the university scientific research instruments to the outside world from the four dimensions of manager(person in charge)characteristics,policy group variables,system constraints group variables,and time supply group variables,and uses the Probit model for analysis.The results show that the five factors of age,education background,The results show that the five factors,such as age,education background,the awareness of the guarantee degree of the good operation of scientific research instruments,the overall perception of the introduction of the restraint and punitive system,the perception of the implementation of the restriction and punitive system,are significant at the level of 10%;the four factors,such as the overall satisfaction of the incentive policy,the impact of the incentive policy on the improvement of the level of economic income,the professional degree of the operation of scientific research instruments and the construction of the open sharing platform,are significantly below 5%;the three factors,such as professional title,personal income level,incentive policy,the influence perception of manager(responsible person),and manager(responsible person)affluent time,significantly affect the willingness of scientific research platform managers(responsible persons)to share the service to the outside world below 1%.Gender has no influence on the willingness of scientific research platform managers(heads)of universities to share external services.Therefore,it is proposed to gradually promote the sharing of scientific research equipment outside the university,further establish and improve various rules and regulations for the sharing of research instruments,strengthen the establishment of external sharing platforms for scientific research instruments,establish a guarantee mechanism for the good operation of scientific research instruments,and establish a flexible management and operational mechanism for sharing research instruments.