“服务”视点下日语「～てくれる」句的句式语义扩展成因

The causes of sentence semantic extension in tekureru sentences from the perspective of Service

论文通过核心句式语义'服务'的确定,对具有明显形态区别的「~てくれる」句三句型进行了句式语义描写。对前接动词句和「てくれる」的意义合成、服务接受者和服务行为的直接·间接关联进行分析,考察句型一和句型二句式语义形成内因以及句型类型之间的关联性。最后通过说话人支配领域考察「くれる」句和「やる」句中服务的内涵,引出「~てくれる」句与「~てやる」句句式语义扩展路径不同的成因,基于此原因并佐以相关数据证明「~てくれる」句与「~てやる」句在句型一和句型二的使用上存在不同倾向。

Identifying'service'as the core semantic feature,this paper gives a detailed description of the three morphologically different sentence patterns of tekureru sentence.For the formations and interconnections of Pattern One and Pattern Two,the paper analyzes the direct or indirect relations of sentences,service receiver and service.This paper also analyzes the causes of the differences in the semantic extension of tekureru and teyaru sentences the difference in psychological dominant space of speakers kureru‘give(me)’and yaru‘give(other people)’sentences.And based on these internal factors,this paper discusses the phenomena of the difference in tendencies of the use of tekureru sentence and teyaru sentence.