反单向性照应与辖域再造

Counter-unidirectional Anaphora and Scope Reconstruction

反单向性照应涉及复杂的句法、语义及词汇关系,为检验某些语言理论原则提供了非常难得的素材。在对反单向性照应的句法特征进行总结之后,提出反单向性照应的代词辖域经历了一个再造的过程;代词辖域的再造构成了反单向性照应句法生成和语义诠释的基础。通过再造,移位成分回归其基础生成位置并在该位置得到诠释。辖域再造既是语义诠释的需要,也是句法合法性检验的需要。代词辖域能否再造可以作为检验wh-短语、比较状语小句和外置关系小句中代词与名词之间能否形成反单向性照应关系的有效手段。

Counter-unidirectional anaphora involves a complex interplay between syntax and pragmatics, thus provi-ding a rich source of data with which theories of grammar can be tested.After a summary of the syntactic features of count-er-unidirectional anaphora, this paper proposes that the pronoun of counter-unidirectional anaphora undergo a process of scope reconstruction.Scope reconstruction of the pronoun constitutes the basis of the syntactic generation and semantic in-terpretation of counter-unidirectional anaphora.Through reconstruction the moved element returns to its base-generated po-sition and receives interpretation.Scope reconstruction is the requirement of semantic interpretation and syntactic testing. Furthermore, whether scope reconstruction can occur can be used as an effective means of testing the acceptability or grammaticality of counter-unidirectional anaphora between the pronoun and the noun in wh-phrases, comparative adverbial clauses and extraposed relative clauses.