±500kV直流输电线路直线塔无人机巡检安全距离仿真与试验

Simulation and Experiment on the Safety Distance of Typical μ500kV DC Transmission Lines and Towers for UAV Inspection

近年来无人机巡检已成为架空输电线路日常运行维护的主要手段之一。由于无人机巡检系统关键部件由电子元器件构成,且依靠数据通信来实现数据链路传输,实际作业过程中复杂电磁场环境对其操控、通信性能影响明显,尤其是在直流线路附近巡检时。因而结合国内对无人机巡检作业安全保障技术,建立了±500kV直流输电线路直线塔无人机巡检作业电磁场仿真模型,分析了无人机不同巡检距离时导线周围电磁场分布,得到直流电磁场对无人机巡检系统影响范围和程度;通过搭建±500k V线路无人机巡检安全距离真型试验平台,开展典型尺寸、结构和材质的小型旋翼无人机巡检安全距离试验研究,得到±500k V直流输电线路直线塔无人机巡检作业最小安全距离为3m(输送电流为3kA时),并结合电流进行了距离修正。该研究成果可为±500k V输电线路小型多旋翼无人机巡检作业提供技术保障。

Nowadays, Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) inspection of overhead transmission lines has become one of major means for routine operation and maintenance of electric power system. Since the key components of a UAV inspection system are composed of electronic components and realize data link transmission by communication, the complex electromagnetic field environment has an obvious influence on its control and communication performance during the inspection work, especially nearby the DC lines. On the basis of studies on safety guarantee technology of UAV inspection in China,we established a typical ±500 k V DC transmission line and intermediate tower model to analyze the electromagnetic field distribution around the line when the UAV is at different inspection distances, and obtained the influence range and extent of DC electromagnetic field on UAV inspection system. Furthermore, we established a test platformto carry out safety distance tests of ±500kV DC transmission lines with typical size and structure and material UAV. The minimum safety distance is finally determined to be 3 meter(when the line current is 3 kA) and corrected with the line current. The research results can provide technical supports for the UAV inspection on ±500 k V transmission lines.