静电喷雾旋风除尘器荷电特性及细颗粒物的脱除

Charged Droplet Characteristics and Fine Particle Removal Efficiency by Electrostatic Spray Cyclone

为寻求细颗粒物的高效脱除方法,设计了一种静电喷雾旋风分离装置,对液滴的荷电特性以及装置的降尘率进行了实验研究。同时分别测定了荷电电压、极间距、电极圆环半径对液滴荷质比、电场强度、粉尘浓度以及喷雾流量等参数对降尘率的影响规律。实验结果表明:随着荷电电压的增加,液滴荷质比先增大后减小;同等电压工况下液滴荷质比随电极圆环半径的增加而减小,随极间距的增加而增大;装置降尘率随电场强度的增加最高可提升至88.5%;未荷电工况下,装置降尘率随粉尘浓度减小而降低,荷电后,降尘率保持在较高范围内;当电场强度相同,喷雾流量为540 mL/min时降尘率达到最佳。研究结果为开发高细颗粒物补集效率的新型旋风除尘器奠定了实验基础。

In order to find an efficient method for the removal of fine particles,we designed an electrostatic spray separation device to investigate the charged droplet characteristics and removal efficiency of device, and discussed the influences of charged voltage, electrode gaps, and annular electrode radius on the charge-mass ratio of droplet, electric field intensity, particle concentration and spray flow. The experimental results show that the charge-mass ratio of droplet first increases then decreases as the charged voltages increase. Under the same voltage, the charge-mass ratio of droplet decreases as the annular electrode radius increases, and it increases as the electrode gaps increase. The removal efficiency increases up to 88.5% as the electric field intensity increases. In an uncharged case, the removal efficiency declines as the particle concentration decreases, whereas, high efficiency for low particle concentration is obtained with the charged device. And there is optimal removal efficiency when spray flow rate is 540 mL/min under the same electric field intensity. The research results lay an experimental foundation for developing cyclone dust collector of high fine particle removal efficiency.