凝胶铅酸蓄电池中的凝胶电解质(I)导电性能研究

The gelled electrolyte in gelled lead-acid battery(Ⅰ)Study on the conductivity

凝胶铅酸蓄电池的内阻稍大 ,容量略低。为此研究了这类电池所用凝胶电解质的导电性能 ,包括SiO2 含量以及添加剂的种类和数量对凝胶电解质导电性能的影响。胶凝过程中电导率下降 ,胶凝初期下降快 ,约 2 0min以后渐趋平衡值。凝胶的平衡电导率随SiO2 浓度的增大而减小 ,并与添加剂的种类、数量有一定的关系 ,低含量的高分子添加剂可使凝胶的导电性能略有改善。当SiO2 含量为 2 %～ 10 %时 ,凝胶的电导率比原硫酸溶液 (硫酸在凝胶中的含量为 40 % )凝胶的电导率低 2 .5 %～ 14 .8%。电导率降低的主要原因是形成凝胶后离子扩散阻力增大。

Gelled lead acid battery has a little larger internal resistance and a little lower capacity. The conductivity properties of gelled electrolyte for gelled lead acid battery, including the SiO 2 content and the effect of variety and amount of additive was investigated. The conductivity reduces quickly at the beginning of the gelation process and then trends of the equilibrant value about 20 min later. The equilibrant conductivity of gel decreases with the increase of SiO 2 content, and it is also related to the variety and amount of additives, such as the polymer additives in low content can improve the conductivity slightly. When SiO 2 content is 2%-10%, the conductivity of gel is 2.5%-14.8% lower than that of original H 2SO 4 solution(the content of H 2SO 4 in gel is 40%).The main reason to the decrease of conductivity is the increase of ion diffusion resistance when the gelled electrolyte is formed completely.