拉曼光谱技术在聚合物研究中的应用进展

Application Progress of Raman Spectroscopy in Polymer Study

拉曼光谱可以提供分子的振动信息,对于聚合物分子链的构象和链间的相互作用非常敏感,能够提供聚合物固体、薄膜或溶液的物理化学特性信息,如聚合物的结构单元、空间构型、晶态结构、分子链的物理构象或分子链子链和侧基在界面间或在各向异性材料中的排列等链取向信息等。因此拉曼光谱作为一种原位无损检测技术,其衍生出的表面增强拉曼光谱技术(Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)、变温拉曼光谱技术、共焦显微拉曼光谱技术(Confocal Raman Microscopy,CRM)、拉曼Mapping成像技术和共振拉曼散射技术(Resonance Raman scattering,RRS)等,广泛应用于物理、化学和生物医学等领域。本文从拉曼光谱的基本理论基础、拉曼光谱技术及其在聚合物研究中的最新应用进展等方面进行综述,以探索扩展拉曼光谱技术在高分子物理与化学领域中许多问题,如分子链的构象结构、分子链的结晶行为、分子链的扩散运动和共混体系相态结构变化等方面的应用。

Raman spectroscopy provides information about molecular vibrations,which are sensitive to interactions and conformations of the molecules.It enables the physicochemical features of polymers to be examined without resorting to chemical labeling and affords minimum sample preparation.Moreover,its spatial resolution can be better than 1μm the lateral plane by focusing laser beams on the samples.Therefore,the construction unit,steric configuration,crystalline structure and conformational structure of the polymer chain can be studied by the Raman spectroscopy.Such as the Surface- enhanced Raman Scattering(SERS),Variable temperature Raman spectroscopy,Confocal Raman Microscopy(CRM), Raman Mapping and Resonance Raman scattering(RRS)are widely used in physics,chemistry and biomedicine.In this review,we summarize the research progresses of chain conformation,crystalline behave,chain diffusion and phase structure of polymer based on Raman technique,and deeply attempt to explore the applications of Raman spectroscopy in the polymer.