含酯键的可降解聚合物基因载体研究进展

Advance in Research of Biodegradable Polymeric Gene Carrier with Ester Bond

基因治疗作为一种极富潜力、用于替代传统化学治疗的方法,为先天性遗传疾病和严重后天获得性疾病的治疗提供了一条富有前景的新途径。有效释放是基因高效表达的关键,将降解基团引入基因载体可有效地提高基因释放效率,且降解后的小片段更易代谢排出体外,从而有效降低细胞毒性。本文依据材料结构及制备方法对新型聚酯材料进行分类,从转染效率、细胞毒性以及降解性能方面综述了可降解聚酯类基因载体的最新研究进展,并对发展前景进行了展望。

Gene therapy,as a promising therapeutics to treat genetic or acquired diseases,has received significant attention in the past several decades due to its advantages over traditional therapies.Effective release is the key to the highlevel expression of gene.The introduction of degradable group into gene carrier can effectively improve the release efficiency,and small fragment from degradative carrier could be metabolized out of the body more easily,and reduce the cytotoxicity obviously.In this paper,the recent progress of various noval biodegradable polyesters as neotype gene carriers were classified by their structures and preparation methods and were summarized including their transfection efficiencies, cytotoxicities and degradation properties.Further more,the prospect of cationic polyester as gene vector was mentioned.