力诱导化学变化在聚合物材料中的应用

Mechanically-Induced Chemical Changes in Polymer Materials

随着聚合物材料化学的飞速发展,设计并实现具有力学响应的聚合物材料变得十分重要。其中,力敏基团的设计合成是力响应材料设计的重点。根据在力的诱导下所发生变化的力敏基团种类的不同,本文主要从共价键和非共价相互作用的变化两个方面进行综述。对共价键变化的讨论将主要集中在作用于力敏基团的力源上,即超声、拉力、压力等;对非共价相互作用的变化将对不同的作用分别进行介绍,包括氢键、π-π相互作用等。通过对力化学机理的深入研究和更多力敏基团的设计,科研工作者期待开发更多元、更实际、多功能的材料,相信力化学的发展会带给聚合物材料新的生命。

With the development of mechanochemistry and polymer materials,design of novel polymer materials to achieve mechanical response becomes important.One of the key issues of designing mechano-responsive materials is to discover novel mechanophores,which can be mechanochemically mediated to induce chemical transformation.This review will focus on the mechanochemical transformation of mechanophores,such as the break and formation of covalent bonds and the non-covalent interactions.In the case of covalent bonds,we focus on the inducing stimuli,such as sonication,tension and pressure;in the case of non-covalent interactions,different kinds of non-covalent interactions,such as hydrogen bonding andπ-πinteraction are discussed.With a better understanding of mechanochemical mechanisms and mechanophore design,more novel functional materials can be developed.We believe that research on mechanochemistry will offer a unique opportunity for the development of polymer materials.