纳米复合形状记忆聚合物

Shape Memory Polymer Nanocomposites

形状记忆聚合物(SMPs)是一种刺激响应型智能材料,在受到热、电、交变磁场、光、湿度或化学等外界刺激时,材料能够发生较大的可回复形变,在生物医用材料、航天航空、汽车、纺织等领域有广泛的应用。但SMPs强度和模量低,形状回复应力小,回复速度较慢等缺点限制了其应用,纳米复合可以克服SMPs的这些缺点。本文在介绍SMPs的基础理论基础上,从纳米改性的目的和激发方式出发,综述了不同纳米颗粒与SMPs的作用机理,并展望了纳米复合SMPs的研究和发展趋势。

Shape memory polymers(SMPs)are a class of stimuli responsive materials,which may recover their original shapes from large deformation upon the application of an external stimulus such as heat,electricity,alternating magnetic fields,light,water or chemicals,et al.They have been widely used in the fields of biomedical materials,aerospace,automobiles,textiles as smart materials.However,their development and applications are partly restricted by their low mechanical properties,such as low strength,elastic modulus,recovery forces and slow recovery rates.Incorporation of nanoparticles would contribute to the improvement of mechanical and shape memory properties of SMPs.Based on a fundamental understanding of the shape memory mechanism of SMPs,this paper aims to provide a review of shape memory polymer nanocomposites,including the purpose of the incorporation of nanoparticles,stimulus methods and mechanism,the interaction mechanism between nanoparticles and polymer matrix and their potential applications.Finally,the research trends of SMP nanocomposites are also summarized.