政府治理中网络众包模式的生成、构建及效用

The Generation Mechanisms,Construction and Utilities of Network Crowd Sourcing Model in the Governance

通过对国内外政府培育和提升现代化治理能力过程中的公共政策制定案例进行回顾与凝练,运用归纳演绎的方法,系统性地探讨了网络众包模式的基本内涵、构建方法及现实效用。提出:信息时代下的网络众包模式是"组织分包、大众参与、网络平台支撑"的一种常态化组织形态,是政策受益者兼政策制定者的一种政策制定模式,它既是信息时代各类组织(政府、社团、NGO、企业等)必须高度重视和研究的一种看似"随机的"、"碎片的"、"自生自灭的"却是必然常态存在的、不可忽视的、无组织的组织形态,而其模式又是协商民主、公民治理、公民参与、决策民主的新模式与新途径,为我国决策民主与国家治理能力现代化协同推进提供一种全新的实现途径。

The objective of this paper is to illustrate the mechanisms,layered construction and utilities of network crowd sourcing model for the government governance. This study mainly adopts the qualitative research method, 'The property law ' revision as the main unit of analysis of case study and a series of cases are lifting to be competitive analysis units,at the same time,inductive deductive method is also utilized. This analysis systematically summarizes the connotation of the network crowd sourcing model.Combined with the governance new system environment that contains depth development of information age and social autonomy ability continuously development,this paper reveals the triple generation mechanisms of network crowd sourcing model including the government's contract awarding motivations,citizen's execution motivations,reconstruction of public decision making agenda,in addition,this paper digs the coordinating interaction between governance ability modernization and democratic decision making and clarifies the potentially enormous utilities of network crowd sourcing model for governance. The key limitation of the study is that construction of the network crowd sourcing model completely follows the 'bottom-up' logic based on the 'from the reality to the principle' theory,relatively ignores 'top-level design' system building concept. The secondary limitation is that the study lacks of analysis negative elements of the model,such as:information security. The study puts forward to construction framework of the network crowd sourcing model that would provide systematic architecture alternative to government governance and public policy making. This study utilizes case study method and inductive deductive method, synoptically summarizes the connotation of network crowd sourcing that is a kind of normalized organization forms and the decision-making pattern,on the basis,it systematically discusses the model construction framework. A new perspective is embed to improve government management ability modernization,promoting democratic decision-making provides.