4Blalock, H.M. Providing Tough Intellectual Challenges: The Issue of Quality Training. The American Sociologist , 1987, 18. PP19 - 22.
5Becker, Howard. Graduate Education. The American Sociologist, 1987, 18. PP42 - 45.
6Eliot Freidson.Professional Dominance(专业统治);Magali Sarfatti Larson.The Rise of Professionalism(专业化的兴起).
7see for instance: PHILLIPS, E.M. & PUGH, D.S. How to Get a PhD. 2nd edn. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1994.
8Oldersma, J. & Davis, K. Introduction. in K. DAVIS, M. LEIJENAAR & J. OLDERSMA (Eds). The Gender of Power. London, Sage. 1991. PP1 - 18; see also Hammick, Marilyn, Acker, et al. Undergraduate Research Supervision: a Gender Analysis. Studies in Higher Education, Oct8, 23 (3): 335, P13.
9Hart, 1982.12;see Lyke, Jennifer A. Changes in Supervisor and Supervisee Preferences and Opinions during Supervision: Doctoral Dissertation. USA: Temple University, 1998.
