基于温度资料的山东沿海站点参照作物腾发量估算方法比较研究

Comparative Study on Estimation of Crop Evapotranspiration in Shandong Coastal Sites Based on Temperature Data

【目的】在设备条件不完善沿海地区提供快速精准获取参考作物腾发量数据的有效途径。【方法】采用将山东省沿海地区6个站点2004—2013年逐日地面气象数据代入FAO 56 Penman-Monteith(PM)公式算得的ET0作基准值,对温度法中的HG、MC模型和辐射法中的MK、P-T模型进行参数修正的方法,开展了用修正后的模型和2014—2016年沿海地区6个站点的逐日地面气象数据进行ET0误差分析研究。【结果】1)青岛、日照、威海、长岛4个站点修正后的MK模型估算值与PM公式计算值的回归系数b都接近于1.0,R2在0.72～0.76之间,一致性指数d范围0.92～0.93;2)海阳站点修正后的HG模型估算值与PM公式计算值间的回归系数b为1.0,R2为0.84,一致性指数d为0.95;3)龙口站点修正后的P-T模型估算值与PM公式计算值间的回归系数b为0.97,相关系数R2为0.81,一致性指数d为0.95。【结论】青岛、日照、威海、长岛4个站点优选修正后的MK模型,海阳站点优选修正后的HG模型和P-T模型,龙口站点优选修正后的P-T模型,在气象观测资料缺少或只有温度资料可用时,可用温度资料估算太阳短波辐射,用辐射法估算ET0。

【Objective】Provide an effective way to quickly and accurately obtain reference crop evapotranspiration data in coastal areas with imperfect equipment conditions.【Method】This paper used the daily ground meteorological data of six sites in the coastal areas of Shandong province from 2004 to 2013,taking the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith(PM)calculated ET0 as the reference value,and revised the parameters of the HG and MC models in the temperature method and the MK and PT models in the radiation method,the revised model in 2014—2016 and the daily ground meteorological data of six stations in the coastal areas were used to conduct ET0 error analysis.【Result】1)The regression coefficients b between the revised MK model and the PM formula calculated values at the four stations in Qingdao,Rizhao,Weihai and Longdao were closed to 1.0,and the correlation coefficient R2 ranged from 0.72 to 0.76,and index d ranged from 0.92 to 0.93;2)The regression coefficient b between the corrected HG model and the PM formula calculated value at the Haiyang site was 1.0,the correlation coefficient R2 was 0.84,and the consistency index d was 0.95;3)The regression coefficient b between the PT model’s estimated value and the PM formula’s calculated value was 0.97 at Longkou site,the correlation coefficient R2 was 0.81,and the consistency index d was 0.95.【Conclusion】The modified MK model is preferred in Qingdao,Rizhao,Weihai,and Changdao.The modified HG model and PT model are preferred in Haiyang station,and the corrected PT model is preferred in Longkou station.When data are available,temperature data can be used to estimate solar short-wave radiation and ET0 can be estimated by radiation method.